How to store batteries to extend their life and what to avoid?

Proper storage of batteries is very important to maintain their optimal performance and often even extend their life. Lack of proper conditions can lead to premature discharge or even leakage of electrolyte, which is dangerous for the powered devices. Batteries come in many types and have very specific requirements that are worth familiarizing yourself with.

Ambient temperature and battery life

Environmental conditions have a very significant impact on the condition of the battery. At higher temperatures, certain chemical reactions are triggered more quickly, which can lead to premature self-discharge and degradation. Therefore, it is best to store batteries in a sufficiently cool place, without access to heat sources and direct sunlight. However, extremely low temperatures also have a negative impact on these types of products. Under these conditions, battery capacity and performance are reduced, especially when it suddenly switches to room temperature. Optimal conditions in most cases reach the range of 10-25 degrees Celsius. It is worth noting that lithium batteries, including, for example, CR2032 button batteries , show slightly better resistance to low temperatures. For this reason, they perform well in harsh environmental conditions.

Moisture and corrosion resistance

The technical condition of the battery is also significantly affected by ambient humidity. The higher it is, the greater the risk of corrosion processes in metal parts of the matter. This phenomenon can lead to damage and leakage of electrolyte. Batteries are best stored in a dry place with a relative humidity of no more than 50%. If it is necessary to store them for a long time, it is worth using airtight containers or packaging made of moisture-absorbing materials. However, special attention should again be paid to small button batteries, used in watches, for example. Their design is more susceptible to corrosion, so they should never be stored in high humidity conditions.

Avoid short circuits and mechanical damage

Some larger batteries are at risk of accidentally shorting the terminals, which should be kept in mind when storing them. This problem can lead to rapid overheating or discharge, or even explosion. For example, if an R20 battery is well protected against short circuits, it is best to store it in its original packaging or in a polar isolation container. You should also take care of protection against mechanical damage, e.g. bumps or falls. Finger batteries are particularly susceptible to deformation of the casing, which can lead to electrolyte leakage. It is worth remembering that the differences in durability are also due to the capacity itself. AA batteries are better than AAA batteries in this respect. In the first case, the capacity is usually 2500 mAh, while in the second case, it is 900-1100 mAh. However, this parameter does not affect the voltage, which in both cases reaches 1.5 V.

Storage time vs. performance

All alkaline batteries have a shelf life specified by the manufacturer, after which their performance may deteriorate. This issue is important in the case of long-term storage. Even if they are stored under optimal conditions, the passage of time gradually leads to a decrease in capacity and efficiency. So it's a good idea to regularly check the expiration dates of the batteries and, if necessary, replenish the stock. It is also important to remember to use the items with the shortest remaining shelf life first. CR2032 batteries and other lithium batteries tend to have a longer shelf life, however, their use is also recommended within a few years from the date of manufacture. However, you should avoid combining old and new batteries in one device. Differences in capacity and voltage can lead to a reduction in their uneven discharge and thus a shorter service life.